Residential and commercial leases in Turkey are governed by the Turkish Code of Obligations, which contains mandatory rules protecting tenants.
For landlords
- Collection of unpaid rent and eviction for default,
- Eviction based on a written undertaking to vacate,
- Eviction for the owner’s or family members’ housing or business needs,
- Rent determination lawsuits to adjust rent to market levels after five years,
- Drafting lease agreements.
For tenants
- Protection against unlawful rent increases,
- Defence against unjustified eviction claims,
- Recovery of security deposits,
- Claims arising from defects in the property.
Key rules
Rent increases for renewed periods are capped at the CPI 12-month average. A landlord cannot evict a tenant simply because the lease term has ended; one of the statutory eviction grounds must exist. Self-help eviction (changing locks, removing belongings) is unlawful.
Frequently asked questions
How much can rent be increased in Turkey?
For renewed lease periods, increases are capped at the 12-month average change in the consumer price index (CPI). After five years, the court may set a new market-based rent.
Is mediation required in rent disputes?
Yes. Since September 2023, mediation is mandatory before filing a lawsuit arising from a lease, except for eviction through enforcement offices.
Member of the Bursa Bar (Reg. No 7458). Graduate of Ankara University Faculty of Law; former public prosecutor and chief public prosecutor.
